Improving coping self-efficacy in breast cancer survivors: The effectiveness of a 12-week combined exercise program

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer survivors experience challenges in coping with their diagnosis and treatment. Regular physical activity shows promise in improving their well-being. This study investigated the effectiveness of a tailored 12-week combined exercise program (aerobic, strength, and pilates) in enhancing coping self-efficacy, a key psychological factor that empowers survivors to manage these difficulties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) enrolled 60 breast cancer survivors (stages I–III). Participants were assigned to either a control group maintaining daily activities or the intervention group participating in a supervised, group-based, 12-week progressive combined exercise program (three sessions per week, 60–70 minutes per session) incorporating aerobic exercise, localized endurance training, and pilates. Both groups completed the study (n = 28 intervention, n = 25 control). Coping self-efficacy was assessed using the validated Persian version of the Chesney questionnaire pre and postintervention, focusing on three dimensions: stopping unpleasant emotions and thoughts, problem-focused coping, and getting support from family and friends. RESULTS: The combined exercise program yielded a significant improvement in overall coping self-efficacy scores in the intervention group compared to the control group ( P < 0.001). Interestingly, the most pronounced effect was observed in the “getting support from family and friends” dimension ( P < 0.001). While improvements were also noted in the “stopping unpleasant emotions and thoughts” ( P = 0.072) and “problem-focused coping” ( P = 0.157) dimensions, these did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that a 12-week combined exercise program effectively improves coping self-efficacy, particularly in the “getting support from family and friends” dimension, among breast cancer survivors. The program’s cost-effectiveness, feasibility, and sustainability warrant further evaluation for potential integration into healthcare policy to enhance the psychological well-being of this population.