The Generation Mechanism of the Side Force and Yawing Moment of a Rotating Missile with Wrap-Around Fins

The rotation of a missile generates a side force perpendicular to the plane containing the attack angle and produces a yawing moment that tilts the body out of the plane, significantly affecting the flight stability of rotating missiles. The non-planar asymmetry of the wrap-around-fin rotating missile determines its more complex rotational effects. This study utilizes the dual time-step method to solve the unsteady Navier–Stokes equations, investigating the characteristics of the side force and yawing moment of the wrap-around-fin rotating missile under supersonic conditions and uncovering the mechanism behind the generation of the side force and yawing moment. The results reveal that the side force and yawing moment of the wrap-around-fin missile are composed of static values and induced values from rotation. The static side force and yawing moment of the wrap-around-fin missile are not zero, while those of the flat-plate-fin missile are zero. This difference is primarily caused by the non-axisymmetric nature of the wrap-around fin, resulting in the static side force and yawing moment of the wrap-around-fin missile being 40% greater than those of the flat-plate-fin missile. The rotation of the missile increases the effective angle of attack on the convex surface of the fin and decreases it on the concave surface, leading to an imbalance in the pressure changes on the windward and leeward sides. This is the main reason for the generation of the induced side force and yawing moment due to rotation. The induced values from rotation vary linearly with the rotation rate, and their magnitudes can be several times those of the static values.