Identification of energy metabolism anomalies and serum biomarkers in the progression of premature ovarian failure via extracellular vesicles’ proteomic and metabolomic profiles

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a clinical condition characterized by the cessation of ovarian function, leading to infertility. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, and no predictable biomarkers have been identified. This study aimed to investigate the protein and metabolite contents of serum extracellular vesicles to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms and explore potential biomarkers.