Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The aim of this review is to update and synthesize the molecular mechanisms that lead to the heterogeneous effect on tissue remodeling observed in the two most important clinical phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary emphysema (PE) and chronic bronchitis (CB). Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that this heterogeneous response to promote PE, CB, or both, is related to differentiated genetic, epigenetic, and molecular conditions. Specifically, a tendency toward PE could be related to a variant in the
Baltazar-García et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: