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Abstract As a result of global climate change, the urban image and morphology have undergone intense alteration. This has led to the emergence of several urban phenomena, such as the urban heat island (UHI). This phenomenon is exacerbated by climate change, posing a threat to human health and overall well-being. Urban green spaces have been considered as a solution of mitigating the urban heat island effect. This study aims to elucidate the different degrees of cooling effect attributed to greenery in different study regions characterised by distinct climate patterns, various green space configurations and seasonal dynamics. A meta-analysis was conducted, employing a qualitative and quantitative approach along with satellite image analysis. The results reveal that green spaces, including parks and trees, can effectively reduce the urban air temperatures by an average of 2 to 10 °C per unit increase in vegetation index. However, the efficacy of greenery in mitigating UHI exhibits variation in response to diverse climate patterns, configurations of green spaces, seasonal fluctuations, irrigation practices, and anthropogenic factors such as population density and urbanization. The comprehensive examination of the relationship between green spaces and Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) across a broad spectrum of climate patterns and diverse green space configurations contributes to addressing the critical knowledge gap in the existing literature.
Cherif et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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