Rocket Engineering Terminology in the English Scientific and Technical Discourse: A Translation Aspect

The aerospace terminological system does not exist separately from the terminological systems of other industries.The interbranch connections of these term systems are manifested in the fact that aerospace terminology is constantly replenished with terms from other scientific fields, such as mathematics, biology, ecology, mechanical engineering, aviation, electronics, cybernetics, telecommunications, etc., interaction with which determines the development of the aerospace industry and, accordingly, terminological base as a whole.The relevance of the problem under consideration is connected with the lack of scientific works with a systematic and thorough coverage of the terminology of this field.An advanced study of the specialized astronomical and rocket engineering vocabulary contributes to a more complete disclosure of the leading trends in the development of national terminology, and the study of the peculiarities and difficulties of its translation will allow to determine modern functional and stylistic trends within the given field and predict its future prospects.The purpose of the research is to describe the modern system of astronomical and rocket engineering terminology and to investigate the peculiarities of the translation of the relevant terms into the Ukrainian language.The main method of translating a term is using a lexical equivalent.The following methods of translation of terminological units are also distinguished: descriptive translation, translation using the genitive case, translation using prepositions, literal translation, transcription, transliteration.Multicomponent terms cause the greatest difficulty in translation, however, most English terms have a structure that matches the structure of the corresponding terms in the Ukrainian language.The most common methods of translating terms denoting astronomical objects are literal translation, translation using the genitive case, and translation using prepositions.Difficulties arise mostly when translating terms contain five or more components.Among the terms denoting astronomical phenomena and processes, two-component term compounds prevail, and among the techniques used in the translation of the terms of this terminological subsystem, literal translation and translation using the genitive case prevail.The variety of applied translation techniques depends on the number of components.Among the difficulties of translating terms of this type, it is worth to note the polysemy of individual components of term compounds.