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Abstract Square is one of the basic arithmetic operations. Referring to the earlier contributions done by ancient Indian mathematicians in regard of square calculation, various techniques has been suggested by Arybhata, Bhaskara I, Sridhara, Mahavira and Bhaskara II to quote a few. Besides, P. Swami Bharati Krishna Tirthji discussed various techniques for calculating square based on various sutras. In this paper, we have summarized the work done by ancient Indian mathematicians and discussed applications of calculating squares using different sutras. To add on, we have proposed a new method of calculating square based on the drawbacks identified and can be applied for calculation of square of any number. Our method splits the number and hence makes the calculation simpler. Moreover, for bigger values, nested calculations can also tbe applied.
Asrani et al. (Mon,) studied this question.