Impact of Outdoor Recreation Programs on Mental Health in Tanzania

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of outdoor recreation programs on mental health in Tanzania. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study show that programs, often designed to immerse individuals in nature through activities like hiking, camping, and outdoor sports, have been shown to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. Engaging with nature fosters a sense of calmness and relaxation while promoting physical activity, which in turn contributes to improved mood and overall well-being. Moreover, participation in outdoor recreation programs encourages social interaction and a sense of belonging, which are crucial factors in combating loneliness and enhancing mental resilience. Studies also indicate that spending time outdoors can lead to increased mindfulness and a greater appreciation. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Biophilia hypothesis, attention restoration theory and stress reduction theory may be used to anchor future studies on assessing impact of outdoor recreation programs on mental health in Tanzania. Designing outdoor recreation programs that are tailored to the specific needs and preferences of target populations can optimize their effectiveness. Implementing policies that prioritize the preservation and accessibility of green spaces in urban and rural areas is crucial for promoting mental health at the population level.