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Traditionally concrete strength determination has been a costly and time-consuming process, relying on periodic laboratory testing using compression tests on concrete-filled cylinders. To address these challenges, an innovative framework has been developed using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology-based low-cost wireless sensors. These sensors have been programmed to integrate with a real-time data monitoring platform using the Firebase cloud computing application. This framework allows remote real-time concrete compressive strength monitoring while reducing the need for on-site laboratory testing. This aspect can ultimately add digital competencies to the construction industry. The IoT-based data is further integrated with the Building Information Modeling (BIM) model of the structure, developing its Digital Twin (DT), which enables the concerned authorities to remotely access the concrete compressive strength parameters, particularly in the early stages. The proposed system presents notable advantages compared to traditional methods by enabling remote real-time monitoring of concrete strength parameters in the BIM environment and facilitating informed decision-making to optimize the construction schedule utilizing the Active BIM system. It serves as a pioneering advancement in internet/remote applications designed to monitor early-age compressive strength. By assisting project managers in timely actions such as formwork removal, post-tensioning, curing termination, and reshores removal, it generates significant cost savings in terms of labor and expedites the completion of construction activities.
Iqbal et al. (Tue,) studied this question.