Exploring shallow-depth boson sampling: Toward a scalable quantum advantage

Boson sampling is a promising candidate for showcasing quantum advantage. However, achieving this advantage involves pinpointing the optimal balance between shallow-depth circuits, which are susceptible to classical simulation, and larger-depth circuits prone to noise. Here, the authors introduce a linear-optical circuit design with nonlocal gates, aimed at enhancing the probability of demonstrating advantage even with shallow circuit depths.