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Goal. To study the influence of the biological fertilizer system on crop productivity in crop rotation and the balance of humus and nutrients in the soil. Methods. Field — stationary experiment, laboratory — determination of grain moisture and quality indicators of the soil according to generally accepted methods, analytical, theoretical generalization. Results. The research was conducted during 2021–2023 on drained sod-podzolic sandy soil with a low level of fertility in a short grain rotation: pea-oats —oats — vetch-oats — barley. It was established that the maximum indicators of the grain yield of pea-oats — 2.25 t/ha, oats — 1.88, vetch-oats — 1.68, barley — 1.61 t/ha were obtained with foliar feeding of crops with Biokompleks-BTU biological preparation and liquid bio-fertilizer Volynski humaty against the background of natural mineral fertilizers (P40K60 — phosphorite flour and potassium sulfate), straw and siderate, which was 25.8–43.5% compared to the control option (straw + siderate). It was determined that the synthesis of humus occurred mainly due to the by-products of grain and leguminous crops and root and post-harvest residues. As a result, 175–350 kg of humus accumulated in the soil every year, which provided a simple and extended reproduction of its fertility. Nitrogen, as the most limiting element in the Polissia zone, comes with oil radish siderate, by-products of grain and leguminous crops, and biologically fixed nitrogen from the atmosphere. Thanks to biological factors, the intensity of the nitrogen balance was 101–120%. Removal of phosphorus and potassium by crops was compensated by the supply of these elements with straw and siderate. Conclusions. In organic crop rotation, with 50% saturation with leguminous crops (pea and vetch) against the background of by-products and siderate and the application of foliar feeding of crops with preparations of biological origin, a deficit-free balance of humus and nutrients is achieved in sod-podzolic soil.
Savchuk et al. (Fri,) studied this question.