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The using of chemical nematicides against the root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) infections is the only famous route to most farmers in Egypt. Root-knot nematodes are one of the destructive pests around the world. Moreover, biological agents as microbial pesticides are eco-friendly, effective and alternative tools to synthetic pesticides globally. In the current study, single and integration impacts of the nematicides fluopyram and oxamyl as well as Purpureocillium lilacinum against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants in two separated pot experiments. The recorded reduction parameters of M. incognita were J2/250g soil, galls and egg masses / 5g roots. The total dry weight, root and shoot lengths of tomato plants were also noticed. The total soluble protein /g fresh weight of tomato leaves was also recorded. The single applied treatments recorded general mean reduction (GMR) in soil population density at range of 70.33 to 85.24%, root galling recorded GMR at range of 57.62 to 77.35% and egg masses recorded GMR at range of 63.34 to 79.67%. However, the integrated treatments (in sequence) elucidated significant reductions in soil populations (from 72.22 to 88.85%), root galling (from 60.07 to 74.96%) and egg masses (from 62.81 to 81.90%). The applied treatments significantly increased the majority of measured plant indices, as well as exhibited fluctuation in the level of total soluble proteins (TSP) in both trials.
Khalil et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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