Haplocanthosaurus neural canals are weird, part 2: getting comparative specimens from the grocery store

Key Points

• Neural canals exhibit structural variations, with key differences in vascular and pneumatic foramina.
• Observations from mid caudal vertebra of Apatosaurus and dorsal vertebra of Rhea americana illustrate these variations.
• The analysis involved comparative anatomical studies to understand these foramina's significance across species.
• Findings may enhance our understanding of evolutionary adaptations in dinosaur and bird anatomy.