With artificial intelligence (AI) redefining mathematics education, teachers must exhibit new competencies to be compliant with the evolving modern classroom requirements. This conceptual study investigated the transformation of mathematics education amid the rise of AI, centering on how to prepare teachers to meet new classroom demands. Guided by Activity Theory and AI Competency Frameworks for Teachers, the study synthesized current literature for strategic insights on teacher competencies, ethical practices, and inclusive, technology-based education principles. The research examined significant challenges and prospects associated with AI adoption, including the imperative for robust teacher preparation, the formulation of fair and transparent policies, and efforts to mitigate bias for all students. Through narrative literature review and thematic analysis, the study identified dominant themes and offered actionable recommendations for teacher education, institutional policy, and continuous professional development. By articulating the requisite skills and ethical imperatives for successful AI integration in mathematics education, this investigation informs adaptive teaching practices and establishes a trajectory for further scholarly inquiry in the field. The conclusion underscores the necessity of equipping teachers to responsibly maximize AI’s potential while promoting ethical and equitable mathematics classrooms.
Jita et al. (2025) studied this question.