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Assess the effectiveness of rice husk and sawdust biochar in stabilizing active aluminum in acidic soils.

February 8, 2026Toxics1 citationsOpen Access

Stabilizing Active Aluminum (Al3+) in Acidic Soils via Biochar-Induced Microbial Niches: Focusing on Denitrifier-Mediated Mechanisms, Efficiency, and Environmental Outcomes

CHChaoxing HeGuangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences TZTuo ZhangInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture SSShiming SuChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Key Points

Assess the effectiveness of rice husk and sawdust biochar in stabilizing active aluminum in acidic soils.
Evaluated rice husk and sawdust biochar as stabilizers for active aluminum in soil.
Measured stabilization efficiency of biochars over 180 days.
Examined microbial enrichment and its impact on pH and aluminum precipitation.
Rice husk biochar achieved a stabilization efficiency of 22.1% compared to 12.1% for sawdust biochar.
Biochar increased soil pH and promoted Al(OH)3 precipitation.
Microbial enrichment included denitrifiers like Thiobacillus and Arthrobacter, enhancing soil health.

Abstract

The pervasive toxicity of active aluminum (Al3+) in acidic red soils threatens agroecosystem sustainability, with conventional chemical stabilizers facing cost and secondary pollution constraints. This study evaluated rice husk/sawdust and their pyrolysis-derived biochar as stabilizers, focusing on microbial synergy. Results showed 3% rice husk biochar (RB) achieved 22.1 ± 1.1% stabilization efficiency within 180 days, outperforming sawdust biochar (12.1 ± 0.8%) and raw biomass. Biochar’s alkalinity and porosity created neutral niches, enriching denitrifiers (Thiobacillus, Arthrobacter, Thermomonas) that elevated pH, promoted Al(OH)3 precipitation, and enhanced oxygen-containing functional groups. This work valorizes agricultural waste for long-term Al3+ toxicity mitigation.

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