Toward continuous and non-invasive monitoring: a scoping review of in-vitro blood glucose devices from electrochemistry to optics and micro-system integration

Key Points

• The aim is to review the evolution of non-invasive blood glucose monitoring technologies and their integration into systems.
• Conducted a scoping review of in-vitro blood glucose monitoring devices
• Analyzed technologies including electrochemistry and optics
• Evaluated system integration of monitoring devices
• Identified key advancements in non-invasive glucose monitoring
• Highlighted transition from traditional fingerstick methods
• Discussed implications for long-term complications and vascular health