Influence of Pile Installation at the Landside Toe of Levees on the Development of Piping in Multi-Layered Foundation Ground

Key Points

• The research investigates how pile installation at the landside toe of levees affects piping in multi-layered foundation ground.
• Conducted model experiments to visualize the foundation ground under levees.
• Performed infiltration tests with and without pile installations.
• Assessed differences in piping progression using visual observations.
• No change in initial leakage with or without piles.
• Piles were found to delay the progression of piping.
• Piles distribute infiltration flow within the foundation, limiting local water channel development.