The adoption rates of off-grid communities systems in Kenya have been studied extensively over time, but there is a need for more sophisticated methods to forecast these trends accurately. The methodology involves collecting historical data on adoption rates, socioeconomic indicators, and environmental factors relevant to the study period. A time-series forecasting model incorporating autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) will be applied to forecast future adoption rates. The model's parameters will be estimated using maximum likelihood estimation. A significant trend towards increased adoption of off-grid systems was observed, with a proportional increase from 20% in to 35% by the end of. The ARIMA model provided an R² value of 0. 85 and confidence intervals for forecasted values with robust standard errors. The time-series forecasting model successfully captured the adoption dynamics, providing a reliable tool for policymakers to anticipate future needs in off-grid community systems development. Policymakers should consider integrating the ARIMA model into their planning frameworks to guide investment and resource allocation towards off-grid communities. Additionally, further research is recommended to explore the long-term impacts of these systems on environmental sustainability. The empirical specification follows Y=₀+^ X+, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.
Gitonga et al. (Sun,) studied this question.