What does this research mean for the field?

TNF can prune progenitors and transiently reprogram hematopoietic stem cells without sacrificing long-term regenerative capacity. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.CHALLENGES_CONSENSUS.

What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to reassess the role of TNF in hematopoiesis and its impact on hematopoietic stem cells.

March 2, 2026Open Access

What we thought we knew about TNF—And what we now must re-learn

Key Points

The aim is to reassess the role of TNF in hematopoiesis and its impact on hematopoietic stem cells.
Examined TNF's effects on various cell types and contexts
Analyzed its influence on hematopoietic stem cell behavior
Investigated the temporal dynamics of TNF's action
TNF can suppress but also reprogram hematopoietic stem cells
The effects of TNF are context and time-dependent
Long-term regenerative capacity of stem cells is not compromised

Abstract

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was long cast as a hematopoiesis villain, driving bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) suppression. We now see that TNF's effects are cell type-, context-, and time-dependent. Rather than being simply "bad," TNF can prune progenitors while transiently reprogramming HSCs without sacrificing long-term regenerative capacity.

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Discussion

Journals

Stem Cell Reports

Institutions

Lund University

References and Citations

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