• A novel hollow suspended core fiber sensor enables simultaneous ocean magnetic field, temperature, and salinity measurement. • Hybrid effects of surface plasmonic resonance and interference were generated to achieve sensing of multiple parameters. • This sensor has excellent performance, with sensitivities of 0.606 nm/Gs, −0.825 nm/°C, and 0.321 nm/‰ in the given ranges. An integrated optical fiber sensor, based on the synergistic interaction between the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI), for monitoring oceanic parameters of temperature, salinity, and magnetic field, was designed. The sensor structure consists of multimode fiber (MMF) − no core fiber (NCF)-MMF-hollow suspended core fiber (HSCF)-MMF. The external surfaces of NCF and HSCF are coated with silver. Moreover, the silver-plated HSCF is individually encapsulated with magnetic fluid (MF) for magnetic field detection. Test findings reveal that the proposed sensor exhibits high sensitivity of 0.606 nm/Gs (R 2 = 0.999), −0.825 nm/℃ (R 2 = 0.992), and 0.321 nm/‰ (R 2 = 0.992), in the range of 0–312.4 Gs, 5–45 ℃, 0–40 ‰, respectively. The sensor exhibits uncomplicated manufacturing procedures, superior performance, and three-parameter detection capabilities. This sensor plays a vital role in advancing the integration of sensor arrays with multiple parameters in marine settings, achieving high sensitivity and wide detection limits for various parameters in marine environments.
Wang et al. (Tue,) studied this question.