Shifts in critical thinking dispositions: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of mainland Chinese students, 2000–2025

Key Points

• Critical thinking dispositions have significantly changed over the assessed period, indicating evolving educational dynamics.
• The analysis encapsulates data from mainland Chinese students spanning from 2000 to 2025, revealing pertinent educational trends.
• Meta-analysis methodology was employed, synthesizing findings across multiple studies to discern overarching patterns and shifts.
• These findings may enable educators to adapt strategies that enhance critical thinking and cognitive skills in students.