Effects of irradiation and thermal treatment on the amplification property and defect structures in Bi/Ge Co-doped silica fiber

Key Points

• Amplification property improves significantly under thermal treatment with irradiation.
• Irradiation conditions altered defect structures, yielding better performance metrics.
• Assessment using a detailed analysis of defect structures in Bi/Ge co-doped fibers reveals key interactions.
• Findings may enable advancements in optical fiber technology, although further studies are needed.