In mammals, selenium (Se) enhances antioxidant and immune functions, but its effect on milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins in yak colostrum remains unclear. Astral-DIA proteomics technology was employed herein for profiling MFGM proteins in yak colostrum obtained from the control (C), low-dose Se-supplemented (L), and high-dose Se-supplemented (H) groups treated with 0, 0.3, and 0.6 mg of Se/kg of dry matter, respectively. A total of 4079, 4083, and 4323 MFGM proteins were identified in the groups C, L, and H, respectively. Pairwise comparisons of the groups C versus L, C vs H, and L vs H revealed 652, 814, and 570 differentially expressed MFGM proteins, respectively. Low-dose Se supplementation primarily enhanced the RNA processing and translation-associated pathways. High-dose Se, however, triggered proteome remodeling by modulating histone modifications and ubiquitin-dependent protein turnover. Se supplementation at different doses reshaped the MFGM composition in yak colostrum, potentially optimizing neonatal immunity and metabolism.
Wang et al. (Tue,) studied this question.