Shifted Chebyshev collocation with CESTAC-CADNA-based instability detection for nonlinear Volterra–Hammerstein integral equations

Key Points

• Instability detection significantly improves solving nonlinear equations—enhancing accuracy.
• Key evidence shows the Chebyshev collocation method linked with CESTAC, CADNA, achieving more reliable outcomes.
• The observational analysis employs Chebyshev collocation techniques to handle nonlinear Volterra–Hammerstein equations.
• Findings suggest using this methodology could lead to better stability and reliability in complex integral equations.