The article presents the results of a study of changes in the cost of apple production in Russia, the dynamics of consumer and wholesale prices for apples from Russian producers, as well as the features of the implementation of incentive subsidies for planting and caring for orchards of pome and stone fruit crops, including apples. The purpose of the study was to identify internal and external factors affecting changes in the cost of production and sales of domestically produced apples. The analysis was based on the use of comparative methods of quantitative and statistical data, including a retrospective period, as well as methods for summarizing the data obtained and expert assessments. The relevance of the study is due to the need to assess the effectiveness of current government support measures for domestic industrial horticulture in the context of new strategic challenges against the backdrop of the sanctions policies of unfriendly countries. The scientific novelty lies in the development of a methodology for calculating the effectiveness of government support measures, which makes it possible to practically evaluate the economic effect of subsidies based on optimizing the profitability of horticultural farms as a result of reducing capital costs for apple production. The results of the study showed that changes in the cost of apple production are most influenced by the following factors: an increase in the cost of imported materials and seeds for gardening; growth in business expenses from selling apples on the domestic market; logistics restrictions on the export of finished products. As a result of a study of current and future government support measures, the article summarizes the effectiveness indicators of providing budget subsidies to producers of horticultural products. The article also assessed the capacity of one-time storage of fruits in various regions of the North Caucasus Federal District, which allowed to conclude that there is a positive trend in the dynamics of the volumes of procurement and storage of fruits in general, and apples in particular. The identified trend determines the need to increase production means for storing and processing apples in the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic; in the Stavropol Territory; in the Republic of Dagestan.
Rykova et al. (Mon,) studied this question.