Assessment of health implications of PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 exposure in Türkiye: A metropolitan and demographic-based approach (2020–2024)

Key Points

• Air pollution exposure increases health risks related to PM2.5, NO2, and SO2, particularly in urban areas.
• Key metrics highlight significant correlations, with exposure levels impacting overall health outcomes.
• Assessment using demographic factors and metropolitan data from Türkiye between 2020 and 2024.
• Findings underscore the need for effective air quality regulations to protect public health, especially in cities.