Fractures are a common category of diseases in the field of orthopaedics with a high incidence in archaeologically obtained bones. These diseases may occur in various human activities. In the context of technological advancement, the annual incidence of fractures is increasing due to traffic accidents, sports injuries, and ageing. Besides, the classification of fracture diseases is also changing, making them one of the main orthopaedic diseases that affect the quality of life of patients and national medical expenditure. There are some basic principles in the treatment of fractures, and the understanding of the causes, types, and pathogenesis of fractures is constantly improved with technological development. Hence, there are sustained efforts to explore fracture treatment methods and examine even widely popular concepts, such as Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesis (AO) and biological osteosynthesis (BO) principles. However, nonhealing fractures, fracture infections, and other treatment problems can still not be eliminated based on these concepts. In addition, some new perspectives on the treatment principles of fractures have been proposed by surgeons based on their clinical experience. In this paper, the latest research results on fracture healing are summarised, and our views and opinions on the application of AO or other new concepts in fracture treatment are also elucidated. During the investigation of the advantages and disadvantages of fracture treatment concepts, the shortcomings of current fracture treatment strategies or theories are also reviewed. These findings may provide clinicians with theoretical support for fracture treatment and inspire scholars to delve into fracture treatment principles.
Ye et al. (Wed,) studied this question.