Many industries have confined, clustered environments that require routine inspections. Nuclear facilities, in particular, have extensive pipe networks that pose additional radiological challenges, making human inspection unsuitable. A mobile manipulator can inspect areas unreachable by most mobile robots without the additional risks and hazards associated with using aerial robots. This work formulates a whole-body controller for a non-holonomic mobile manipulator as a Quadratic Program, utilising Vector Field Inequalities (VFIs) to constrain the system. We introduce a stochastic point-to-plane constraint to handle uncertainty in the walls’ localisation and an online path planner that combines coverage path planning and 3D reconstruction. We present our recent results on coverage path planning and discuss the process of redefining the task to combine it with the NBV into a single approach. We demonstrate how to extract constraints from point clouds and incorporate their uncertainties into the VFI framework, and we comment on the performance of these constraints at preventing violations. We demonstrate this through experimental results from a physical mobile manipulator operating in a confined environment, thereby proving the real-world viability of these approaches and concluding with a discussion of future work to generalise them to other primitives and environments and to provide formal guarantees.
Bettles et al. (Tue,) studied this question.