Soluble electron shuttles unlock rapid anaerobic granulation: Indirectly regulating quorum sensing via enhanced electron transfer

Key Points

• Anaerobic granulation is significantly accelerated by soluble electron shuttles—enhancing biofilm formation.
• The study shows that enhanced electron transfer indirectly regulates quorum sensing by affecting microbial communication.
• Observational analysis of soluble electron shuttles demonstrates improved anaerobic granulation under controlled conditions.
• Findings suggest potential applications in wastewater treatment, where efficient granulation can enhance process sustainability.