What question did this study set out to answer?

To update and measure the atmospheric neutrino flux using the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso.

March 5, 2026Open Access

Atmoshperic Neutrino Oscillation Results with MACRO at Gran Sasso Laboraratory

Key Points

To update and measure the atmospheric neutrino flux using the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso.
Analyzed three data sets across a wide energy range.
Focused on both high energy muon data and low energy events.
Evaluated probabilities for oscillation and no oscillation hypotheses.
High energy muon data favored the νμ → ντ oscillation hypothesis with a probability of 36.6%.
Low energy sets showed a significant deficit for IU events and a reduced deficit for US+ID events.
Oscillation results suggest parameter values centered around Dm2 = 0.0025 eV² and sin² 2q = 1.

Abstract

We present updated results of the measurement of the atmospheric neutrino flux with the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso, using three data sets spread in a large energy range. In the high energy range, the upgoing throughgoing muon data set is in favor of νμ →ντ oscillation hypothesis with a probability of 36.6% against the 0.36% for the no oscillation hypothesis.In the low energy range, the two data set are also in favor to the oscillation hypothesis showing a large defict for IU events and a reduced defict for US+ID events, since only the US events ( |50% ) are expected to oscillate Assuming a νμ →ντ oscillation scheme, the results suggest a large range of the parameter values centered around Dm2=0.0025 eV2, sin2 2q = 1.

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