Ammonia oxidizer adaptation to low dissolved oxygen concentrations for biological nutrient removal – a review on oxygen affinity, dual-substrate limitation, and decay | Synapse
March 7, 2026Open Access
Ammonia oxidizer adaptation to low dissolved oxygen concentrations for biological nutrient removal – a review on oxygen affinity, dual-substrate limitation, and decay
The aim is to review how ammonia oxidizers adapt to low dissolved oxygen conditions for biological nutrient removal.
Review existing literature on ammonia oxidizers and their adaptation mechanisms.
Analyze data on oxygen affinity and dual-substrate limitations.
Evaluate decay rates under varying dissolved oxygen conditions.
Ammonia oxidizers demonstrate increased oxygen affinity under low DO conditions.
Adaptation mechanisms include metabolic adjustments to dual-substrate limitations.
Lower decay rates are observed in ammonia oxidizers functioning under low dissolved oxygen.
Abstract
Low dissolved oxygen (DO) operation in suspended growth biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems has become increasingly important for energy-efficient and intensified treatment processes.