The evolution of Chinese-Cambodian relations in the post-bipolar period (1991–2025)

The subject of this research is the China-Cambodia relations in the post-bipolar period, covering the timeframe from the early 1990s to 2025. Special attention is given to the transformation of bilateral ties from the stage of rebuilding trust after the Cold War to the formation of a comprehensive strategic partnership and the concept of a "community with a shared future." The work examines key areas of interaction between the states, including political cooperation, economic aid and investments, military-technical interaction, as well as the coordination of positions on the international stage. It analyzes the impact of the regional and global context, particularly the rivalry of great powers, on the character and dynamics of China-Cambodia relations. Furthermore, the role of Cambodia as an important partner of China in Southeast Asia and its significance in implementing Beijing's foreign policy strategy is explored. The research employs historical and comparative methods, analysis and synthesis, as well as case studies; the theoretical foundation is based on the school of neorealism in international relations theory. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive analysis of the evolution of China-Cambodia relations, taking into account both the internal development factors of the states and the external geopolitical context. The work systematizes the stages of bilateral interaction and identifies key mechanisms for forming a sustainable partnership between asymmetrical actors in international relations. The conclusion is drawn that the deepening of cooperation between China and Cambodia is determined by a combination of pragmatic interests, political loyalty, and the influence of external factors, including the increasing competition between China and the United States. It is shown that Cambodia has gradually transformed into one of China's closest partners in the region, actively supporting its foreign policy initiatives. At the same time, it has been established that this interaction is mutually beneficial, despite the asymmetry of potentials, and has a significant impact on the regional security and cooperation architecture in Southeast Asia.