The development of high-energy-density fuels is critical for advancing energy conversion technologies in propulsion and energy systems. Although nanofluid fuels have shown promise in enhancing combustion performance, the fundamental mechanisms governing high-solid-content systems—particularly their dynamic combustion behavior, micro-explosion processes, and associated energy release—remain insufficiently explored. This study systematically examines boron/JP-10 nanoslurry fuel droplets with high boron loadings (30 wt%–50 wt%) using micro highspeed imaging, two-dimensional temperature field measurements, and radiation spectroscopy. Results reveal that boron concentration critically affects combustion dynamics: increasing boron loading intensifies micro-explosions, which raises the flame temperature and accelerates the overall energy release. However, there is a concentration threshold; beyond this point, excessive particle loading promotes agglomeration, suppresses micro-explosions, and reduces both combustion efficiency and energy release. Spectral analysis confirms active participation of boron via BO 2 radical emission. The residue morphology transitions from porous structures to dense shells with increasing concentration. This work provides new fundamental insights into the multiphase combustion mechanisms of high-energy-density slurry fuels and contributes to the design of advanced fuels for efficient energy conversion.
Li et al. (Sun,) studied this question.