Molecular detection of canine parvovirus 2 subtypes from clinical cases in Iran

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV2) is a major infectious agent in dogs that targets rapidly dividing cells in the gastrointestinal tract leading to leukopenia and highly contagious gastroenteritis with high mortality rates. The virus includes several subtypes including CPV2a, CPV2b, and CPV2c. This study focuses on detecting and distinguishing circulating CPV2 subtypes in 47 diarrhoeic dog cases in Iran. Three PCR sets using 555, Pab, and Pb primer pairs, were used to detect CPV2a and CPV2b, and a RFLP, through the application of MboII restrictive enzyme was used to detect CPV2c. A total of 47 cases were indicated as positive cases using immunochromatography kits. Subsequently, 28 out of the 47 cases were confirmed as CPV2-positive with PCR. Among these, five cases were infected with CPV2c (17.9%), two cases with CPV2a (7.1%), and 21 cases with CPV2b (75%). This research identified the presence of three CPV2 subtypes in dog populations in Iran. Findings of this research further confirm the reported prevalence results from previous studies in Iran.