What question did this study set out to answer?

The study aims to understand the origin of cosmological perturbations through Granular Entropic Physics.

April 10, 2026Open Access

Inflation as a Critical Phenomenon: A Distinctive Bispectrum Signature from Granular Entropic Physics

Key Points

The study aims to understand the origin of cosmological perturbations through Granular Entropic Physics.
Proposed a model connecting critical points in discrete spacetime networks to cosmological perturbations.
Analyzed curvature perturbation as an energy operator in a 3D Ising-like conformal field theory.
Calculated the bispectrum prediction in the squeezed limit.
Predicted that the primordial bispectrum scales as (k1/k2)^1.4 in the squeezed limit.
Found that this signal is undetectable in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) but can be seen in future 21cm surveys.
Highlighted the contrast with the nearly flat behavior of single-field inflation.

Abstract

We propose that cosmological perturbations originate from a critical point of a discrete spacetime network described by Granular Entropic Physics (GEP). The curvature perturbation corresponds to the energy operator of a 3D Ising-like conformal field theory, leading to a distinctive prediction for the primordial bispectrum: in the squeezed limit, it scales as (k1/k2) ¹. 4, in contrast to the nearly flat behavior of single-field inflation. This signal is undetectable in the CMB but detectable at high significance in future 21cm surveys such as SKA.

Inflation as a Critical Phenomenon: A Distinctive Bispectrum Signature from Granular Entropic Physics

Key Points

Abstract

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