In order to improve digital resilience, privacy, and access equity in contemporary library environments, this study investigates the role of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) in fostering sustainable cybersecurity within the framework of Society 5.0 libraries. It does this by looking at the latest developments, applications, difficulties, moral dilemmas, and tactical methods associated with VPN deployment. Using peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings, white papers, and policy documents published between 2010 and 2024, a methodical approach to literature review was used. The literature that bridges the fields of cybersecurity, library science, and Society 5.0 concepts was the main focus of the review. Data that was in line with the five study objectives were interpreted using content analysis and thematic synthesis. The findings revealed that VPNs are essential for enabling private and secure access to library resources, especially in settings that are distant or vulnerable to surveillance. Cybersecurity procedures in library systems are changing as a result of innovative VPN technologies including post-quantum encryption, decentralised architectures, and AI-enhanced security. Adoption is, however, hampered by issues including inadequate digital literacy, budgetary limitations, legal restrictions, and inconsistent regulatory frameworks, particularly in developing nations. In order to ensure responsible implementation, ethical implications and governance issues are essential. The results have significant ramifications for researchers, politicians, library administrators, and society at large. From a practical standpoint, they support the incorporation of VPNs into digital library strategy. The paper highlights research gaps in user-centred and empirical evaluations of VPN efficacy. In terms of society, the study emphasises how VPNs support information equity, privacy, and digital trust in accordance with Society 5.0 objectives. One of the first comprehensive assessments relating VPN technology to library innovation in the context of Society 5.0 is provided by this study. It contributes to professional and academic discussions on safe digital transformation in library science by offering a thorough manual for the ethical, technical, and strategic examination of VPN use.
Dr. et al. (Mon,) studied this question.