New data were obtained on the effectiveness of innovative plant protection and growth regulation products based on selected Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma asperellum T-36 strains and a plant resistance inducer, 0.1% chitosan salicylate, in the cultivation of common wheat (variety Leningradskaya 6, K-64 900). The design of the experiment included treating wheat seeds with the products before sowing and spraying the plants during the growing season. The highest growth-stimulating and protective effect was demonstrated by the polyfunctional complex Kartofin, CL + 0.1% chitosan salicylate (B. subtilis I-5 + 0.1% chitosan salicylate) and Kartofin, CL (B. subtilis I-5, composition), the use of which promoted increased plant productivity by 92.1% (from 0.4 to 0.8 g/plant) and 51.3% (from 0.4 to 0.6 g/plant), respectively. A significant reduction in the infestation of common wheat by powdery mildew and septoria pathogens was noted with their use. The biological efficiency (BE) of the complex Kartofin CL + 0.1% chitosan salicylate (B. subtilis I-5 + 0.1% chitosan salicylate) in relation to the specified diseases was 69.8 and 74.3%, while that of Kartofin CL (B. subtilis I-5, composition) was 95.4 and 74.2%, respectively. A significant decrease in the development of yellow rust was revealed in the experimental variants: Vitaplan SP (BE = 55.5%); 0.1% chitosan salicylate (BE = 56.6%); Kartofin CL (B. subtilis I-5) (BE = 64.1%); and T. asperllum T-36 CL 1 : 10 (BE = 54.8%). A significant reduction in root rot development (by 15.5%) was observed in the experimental variants Kartofin CL (B. subtilis I-5) and T. asperllum T-36 CL 1 : 100. The grayed-out values may also be removed as less significant. The biopreparations studied can be used to develop environmentally friendly wheat cultivation technologies, improve grain quality, and optimize the phytosanitary condition of crops after the development of biopreparation formulations.
Novikova et al. (Wed,) studied this question.