AbstractThe judiciary has played a pivotal role in advancing women’s empowerment in India by interpreting the Constitution as a living document and expanding the scope of fundamental rights. Through progressive judgments, the Indian judiciary has addressed gender inequality, protected women from discrimination and violence strengthened their legal, social, and economic status. Landmark decisions on issues such as sexual harassment at the workplace, domestic violence, reproductive rights, equal employment opportunities, and personal liberty have reinforced constitutional guarantees of equality, dignity, and freedom. By invoking international conventions like CEDAW and adopting a rights-based approach, courts have filled legislative gaps and ensured effective implementation of protective laws. Judicial activism has also contributed to societal transformation by challenging patriarchal norms and promoting gender justice. Despite existing challenges in enforcement and access to justice, the judiciary continues to act as a crucial institution in empowering women and fostering an inclusive and egalitarian society in India.
Modi et al. (Wed,) studied this question.