Modern mainstream cosmology directly equates the universal redshift of extragalactic galaxies with the overall recessional motion of galaxies, and takes this as the core evidence to establish the cosmic expansion and Big Bang models. This paper systematically demonstrates from four aspects: observational accuracy constraints, observational differences between nearby and distant celestial bodies, blind spots in three-dimensional motion detection, and the fundamental logic of an infinite universe. The redshift of deep-space galaxies is not physical evidence for cosmic expansion, but a systematic visual illusion caused by the limitations of human observation conditions. Objective facts such as the random distribution of redshifts and blueshifts in nearby galaxies, the approaching motion of the Andromeda Galaxy, the undetectable transverse motion of distant objects, and the loss of blueshift signals from faint celestial bodies can directly refute the idea of universal cosmic expansion. Redshift is only a comprehensive effect of local relative motion, gravitational motion and long-distance light propagation attenuation, which cannot infer the overall expansion and finite origin of the universe. This paper breaks the core support of Big Bang cosmology from the underlying logic of observation, and provides key empirical evidence for the steady-state infinite universe model.
Jiaqing Yan (Tue,) studied this question.