This study aimed to assess the prevalence of calcium channel blocker (CCB)–induced gingival hyperplasia (GH) and to identify associated risk factors among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). A retrospective analysis was performed on 303 patients receiving CCB therapy while undergoing PD at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Based on clinical assessment, patients were categorized into a GH group (n = 48) and a non-GH group (n = 255). Demographic characteristics and inflammatory biomarkers were compared between groups. Independent factors associated with GH were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Patients with GH were younger and had longer durations of PD and shorter CCB exposure compared to those without GH (all p 0.05). Compared with the non-GH group, patients with GH showed lower reticulocyte counts and higher levels of alkaline phosphatase, uric acid, and prealbumin (all p 0.05). Circulating concentrations of interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor–β1 were also comparable (p > 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression identified shorter duration of PD odds ratio (OR) = 0.703, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.581–0.851, p < 0.001 and shorter duration of CCB exposure OR = 0.959, 95% CI: 0.931–0.988, p = 0.006 as protective factors against the development of CCB-induced GH. Shorter duration of both PD and CCB exposure were associated with lower odds of gingival hyperplasia. These findings underscore the need for careful clinical surveillance in patients receiving long-term CCB therapy during PD.
Chen et al. (Wed,) studied this question.