Taking the rise and fall of lobotomy in Japan as a starting point, this paper analyzes the dissemination environment of lobotomy in Japan, and explains the cultural and social roots of the surgery's barrier-free popularity there. Based on the clinical effect of the surgery and long-term post-operative survey data, this paper investigates the non-scientific external reasons for the transformation of this surgery from ineffective surgery to popular surgery, and uses case comparative analysis to explore the historical facts of the physical and mental harm caused by it to patients, and the resulting humanitarian consequences. The complex entanglement and games between the surgery and its various stakeholders are studied, showing that the rapid and decisive abandonment of it mainly came from the self-innovation and ethical conscience of the emerging progressive forces in the Japanese scientific community.
Kai Yang (Sun,) studied this question.