Improving urological education in medical schools

Urology is a clinically important speciality, representing a substantial proportion of surgical referrals and presentations in primary care. Despite this, evidence spanning two decades consistently demonstrates that it remains under-represented in UK medical school curricula. This review examines the structural challenges in undergraduate urological education and the evidence-based interventions developed to address them. It draws on national survey data, international comparators, and educational trials to propose a practical framework for improvement across several stakeholder groups: medical schools, BAUS, clinical educators, the GMC, and Royal Colleges. The return of the BAUS Annual Scientific Meeting to London provides an apt moment to take stock of what has been achieved—and to define clearly what the speciality still owes its future graduates and patients. Level of evidence: 2b