Hemodynamic Investigation of Blood Flow in Left Coronary Artery (LCA) with Different Levels of Stenosis

The hemodynamic investigation of the abnormalities present at the arterial wall can be incorporated by employing various factors. In this work, the three-dimensional computational model of coronary artery procured from CT/MRI data of healthy patients is simulated. A comparative study is performed with a variating degree of stenosis based on hemodynamic factors. The blood is regarded as incompressible non-Newtonian Carreau fluid. Furthermore, the finite volume method (FVM) is implemented to solve the discretized mathematical equations and obtain a numerical solution. Wall shear stress (WSS), wall pressure gradient (WPG), and oscillatory shear index (OSI) play an eminent part in concluding the level of atherosclerotic plaque existence and hence these are discussed in this work. It is observed that the most diseased artery acquired the peak value of 3.63Formula: see textPa of WSS, at the blocked region. The maximal notable WPG range is 9000 to 39 000Formula: see textN/m 3 , corresponding to the artery with the highest level of stenosis at mid-systole. The OSI contours reflected the oscillatory behavior of WSS and inherited the values between 0 and 0.4. Results derived from the present numerical solution indicate that high–low WSS and WPG can be strongly linked to atherosclerosis plaque existence. In this study, we analyze the comparative hemodynamic investigation of blood flow in different blocked models of 3D realistic coronary arteries under the same boundary conditions. This makes it a novel work in cardiovascular disease.