Effects of Exercise Modalities on Body Composition, Oxidative Stress Marker(Malondialdehyde, MDA), and Antioxidant Capacity(Superoxide Dismutase, SOD; Melatonin) in Elderly Women

This study aimed to compare and analyze the effects of elastic band exercise and pilates exercise on body composition, oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde, MDA), and antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase, SOD; melatonin) in elderly women aged 65-80 Years. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group, an elastic band group, and a pilates group. The intervention consisted of exercise sessions three times per week for eight weeks. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, serum samples were analyzed for MDA and SOD, and salivary samples were used to measure melatonin. Compared with the control group, both exercise groups showed significant improvements in body composition and oxidative/antioxidant indicators. The pilates group demonstrated greater reductions in body fat percentage and increases in lean body mass, whereas the elastic band group exhibited a significant increase in melatonin levels. In conclusion, Elastic band exercise and pilates exercise are effective interventions for improving body composition and alleviating oxidative stress. Considering the differential effects of exercise modalities, tailored exercise prescriptions should be developed to optimize health outcomes in this population.