Measuring AI responsibility: A cross-country validation of a multidimensional framework

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to transform industries, ensuring AI responsibility has become critical for ethical governance. Despite the growing number of frameworks emphasizing transparency, accountability, and sustainability, a standardized measurement tool remains lacking. This study develops and validates a seven-dimensional AI Responsibility framework encompassing Privacy and Security, Transparency and Accountability, Impact on Employment, Sustainability, User-Centered Design, Social Impact, and Innovation and Adaptation. Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the study confirms the framework’s construct validity and reliability. The results indicate strong model fit, with all constructs exceeding recommended thresholds for composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE). The study contributes to AI ethics research by offering an empirically validated measurement instrument. Practically, the framework serves as a benchmarking tool for organizations and policymakers to assess AI governance strategies and regulatory compliance. As AI adoption continues to expand, this framework provides a structured approach to fostering trust, accountability, and responsible AI deployment.