Eplerenone induced a more frequent early decline in eGFR >20% compared to placebo (16.9% vs 14.7%; OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.02-1.30; P=0.017), which did not affect its clinical benefit on CV outcomes.
RCT (n=5,792)
Does eplerenone affect renal function and do these changes impact cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure post-MI?
In post-MI heart failure patients, eplerenone causes a modest early decline in eGFR that does not attenuate its long-term cardiovascular benefits.
Effect estimate: OR 1.15 (95% CI 1.02-1.30)
Absolute Event Rate: 16.9% vs 14.7%
p-value: p=0.017
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effect of the selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone on renal function and the interaction between changes in renal function and subsequent cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction after an acute myocardial infarction in the Eplerenone Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study (EPHESUS). METHODS AND RESULTS: Serial changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were available in 5792 patients during a 24-month follow-up. Patients assigned to eplerenone had a decline in eGFR with an adjusted mean difference of -1.4±0.3 mL · min(-1) · 1.73 m(-2) compared with placebo (P20% in the first month, 16.9% and 14.7% in the eplerenone and placebo groups, respectively (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.30; P=0.017). In multivariate analyses, determinants of this early decline in eGFR were female sex, age ≥65 years, smoking, left ventricular ejection fraction 20% was associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes independently of baseline eGFR and of the use of eplerenone, which retained its prognostic benefits even under these circumstances. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction and receiving standard medical care, an early decline in eGFR is not uncommon and is associated with poor long-term outcome. Eplerenone induced a moderately more frequent early decline in eGFR, which did not affect its clinical benefit on cardiovascular outcomes.
Rossignol et al. (2011) conducted an RCT in Heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction (n=5,792). Eplerenone vs. Placebo was evaluated on Decline in eGFR >20% in the first month (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.30, p=0.017). Eplerenone induced a more frequent early decline in eGFR >20% compared to placebo (16.9% vs 14.7%; OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.02-1.30; P=0.017), which did not affect its clinical benefit on CV outcomes.
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