Bibliometric analysis of research hotspots and emerging trends in microRNAs and atherosclerosis (2007–2025)

Background: An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in atherosclerosis (AS) and have emerged as promising therapeutic targets in this disease. Through a bibliometric approach, we constructed a comprehensive analytical framework to systematically explore key research topics and emerging trends in this field. Methods: Relevant literature was first retrieved from three core databases, namely the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC), Scopus, and PubMed. Duplicate records among the retrieved literature were removed using Python (version 3.11). Subsequent data analysis was performed using RStudio, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, WPS Office, and SciMAgo Graphica. The specific analytical dimensions included the following: co-occurrence analysis to determine the frequency of key elements such as countries, regions, and institutions; keyword clustering analysis; and burst detection analysis to identify research trends and hotspots in this field. Results: A total of 3,478 publications published between 2007 and 2025 were included in the analysis. China and the United States were identified as the most influential countries, contributing the highest number of publications in this field. Christian Weber and Carlos Fernández-Hernando were recognized as leading experts based on their high publication output. Keyword analysis revealed that miRNAs are primarily involved in regulating AS-related processes, including inflammation and immune responses, lipid metabolism, and cellular functions. Future research is expected to increasingly focus on the translational applications of miRNAs in AS. The expression levels of specific circulating miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of AS or the prediction of disease prognosis. In clinical applications, greater emphasis is expected to be placed on the development of novel materials for the targeted delivery of miRNA-based therapeutics to AS lesions. Discussion: This study employed bibliometric methods to analyze the applications of miRNAs in AS, elucidate research trends and frontiers, and provide guidance for the optimization of therapeutic strategies.