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Previous theorizing and construct-validational research suggest that hardiness expresses psychological vitality and enhanced performance. Now that there is a psychometrically adequate, short measure of hardiness, it is worthwhile to investigate whether it is a quick index of mental health. Consequently, the relationship between hardiness and clinically relevant scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was studied on undergraduates. The pattern of results suggests that hardiness is a general measure of mental health and that this is not an artifact of negative affectivity, which was controlled.
Maddi et al. (1994) studied this question.