In recent years, two-dimensional nanomaterials have become a research hotspot in the field of nanotechnology.They have shown great application prospects in the field of biomedicine, especially in the targeted treatment of tumors and photothermal therapy.This paper systematically reviews the layered structural characteristics and core physicochemical properties of four typical two-dimensional nanomaterials: graphene derivatives, transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXene), black phosphorus nanosheets, and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2).It elucidates the distinct performance advantages of each material in biomedical applications and outlines the key advancements in existing research that leverage these materials to address clinical and fundamental research challenges in the biomedical field.The conclusion at the end of this paper summarizes the limitations of two-dimensional nanomaterials in terms of preparation processes and animal models utilized in clinical research, and offers insights into the development prospects of this field.It is highlighted that precise targeted therapy, the efficient integration of photothermal diagnosis and treatment, and antibacterial wound healing promotion represent the core research and development directions for the future.Two-dimensional nanomaterials exhibit broad application prospects and significant potential for clinical translation in the biomedical field.
Zhangze Chen (Thu,) studied this question.