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Conducted a cross-validational study on the Impact of Event Scale (IES), a self-report instrument assessing the essential characteristics associated with stress disorders. 35 bereaved outpatients completed the IES before entering time-limited dynamic psychotherapy and at 4 and 12 mo following termination. A further 28 Ss, not participating in therapy, completed the measure at similar intervals. Results confirm the scale's relevance, internal consistency, and sensitivity. In addition, data are interpreted as consistent with a clinically derived theoretical model of the pattern of response to serious life events. As predicted by the theory, the syndromatic group showed greater intensity of intrusive and avoidance states; the relevant salience of reported experience was similar across groups; and the syndromatic group before intervention was characterized by an absence of a movement toward completion of processing the meaning of the event. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Zilberg et al. (1982) studied this question.